Which of the following best describes bullying?

The definition of bullying is best captured by the idea of a chronic and purposeful power imbalance within a relationship. This means that bullying involves one individual exerting power over another in a way that is intentional and ongoing. Unlike a spontaneous interaction, which may occur without a specific aim or prior history, bullying is characterized by repeated actions and a clear intent to dominate or harm the victim.

The relationship aspect is crucial; it often involves a difference in power, whether physical, social, or emotional, where the bully has a degree of control that the victim does not possess. This distinction is fundamental in identifying bullying as it emphasizes the ongoing nature of the behavior and the dynamics at play within the interactions.

In contrast, spontaneous interactions may lack the deeper, more harmful patterns that characterize bullying, and mutual aggression does not fit the definition, as bullying typically involves an imbalance. Furthermore, behaviors that involve harmless teasing do not generally constitute bullying, especially when there is no intention to cause harm or distress. Thus, the characterization of bullying as a chronic and purposeful power imbalance clearly encompasses the essential features of bullying behavior.